A phylogeny is a graphical summary of the evolutionary relationship of taxa or populations. There are millions of species in this world, not counting extinct species. Thus, to facilitate knowledge of each species, scientists name and classify species using a taxonomy. Taxonomy is the science of naming, classifying and describing organisms. Taxonomists classify different organisms into groups. This idea was first thought of by Carl Linnaeus, he proposed this binomial nomenclature where each species has its own scientific name. Phylogeny is an estimated representation of the evolutionary history of an organism or group of organisms. Scientists use a phylogenetic tree to visualize the descent relationship of ancestors over time. The more different taxa are represented in a phylogenetic tree, the more closely the species are related to each other. The phylogenetic tree is made up of different types of characteristics, making them easier for scientists to understand. One of the features is a branch, which represents the population of the species until the beginning of time. Another feature is a terminal node (or branch tip), which represents the most recent species. The last feature is a node where 2 branches have diverged, this represents speciation where ancestral species split from one species into two. Speciation is when an organism or population diverges and can no longer interbreed. Phylogenetic and phylogenetic trees require speciation. Phylogenies are recreated using both morphological and genetic features. There are two different approaches to constructing phylogenetic trees: the phenetic approach and the cladistic approach. The phylogeny was...... middle of paper ......ocks, to determine when these domains and species diverged from the common ancestor and to create a LUCA phylogenetic tree of life. Another example would be the phylogenetic tree of life of fanged frogs to test large geographic hypotheses at the interface of Asian and Australian faunal zones. The interface of the Asian and Australian faunal zones is defined by a network of deep ocean trenches that separate the intervening islands of the Philippines and Wallacea. Evans and his colleagues wanted to examine the diversification of Limnonectes in Southeast Asia, the Philippines and Wallacea. To do this, they estimated a phylogeny from mitochondrial DNA sequences. What they found was that these frogs dispersed from Borneo to the Philippines at least twice, from Borneo to Sulawesi once or twice, from Sulawesi to the Philippines once, and from the Philippines to Sulawesi once..