Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is considered both a Gram-positive bacterium and a pathogen, and is capable of causing many human diseases (Gordon & Lowy , 2008; Deurenberg, Vink, Kalenic, Friedrich, Bruggeman and Stobberingh, 2006). S. aureus is one of the most common causes of soft tissue and skin infections (STIs) (Hansra & Shinkai, 2011). It can also cause postoperative wound infections, necrotizing pneumonia and bacteremia (Deurenberg et al., 2006). Methicillin resistance is one of the main subtypes of this bacteria. It is then called methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (Hansra & Shinkai, 2011). MRSA is generally considered a nosocomial infection (Witte, 2009), meaning that it originates in the hospital environment. The mecA gene determines methicillin resistance (Gordon & Lowy, 2008). mecA encodes the 78 kDa penicillin binding protein (PBP) 2a (Deurenberg et al., 2006). β-lactam antibiotics normally bind to PBPs present in the cell wall (Deurengerg et al., 2006). This causes the disruption of the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer and eventually the death of the bacteria (Deurenberg et al., 2006). Since β-lactams cannot bind to PBP2a, synthesis of the cell wall and peptidoglycan layer can continue (Deurenberg et al., 2006) and the bacteria does not die. This article focuses on a client who developed MRSA while hospitalized. The purpose of this article is to explain the signs and symptoms, risk factors, laboratory and diagnostic tests used, dietary and nutritional implications, and pharmacological treatment of MRSA. Signs and symptomsMRSA is most commonly found in the anterior nostrils, and between a quarter and a third of the population carries MRSA at any time (Miller & Die... middle of paper...), 263- 272. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8019.2011.01402.xLehne, R.A. (2013). Pharmacology for Nursing (8th ed.). Saunders.McCance, K., Huether, S., Brashers, V., & Rote, N. (2010). Pathophysiology: the biological basis of disease in adults and children (6th ed.). Mosby Inc. Miller, LG and Diep, B. (2008). Colonization, fomites, and virulence: rethinking the pathogenesis of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 46(5), 752-760. doi:10.1086/526773Newland, JG & Kearns, GL (2008). Treatment strategies for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in pediatrics. Pediatric Medicines, 10(6), 367-378. Witte, W. W. (2009). Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: what do you need to know?. Clinical microbiology and infection, 1517-25. doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.03097.x