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  • Essay / Social Control and Bonding Theories - 1715

    According to Hirschi (1969), control theories assume that all humans, as part of their nature, are naturally inclined to break the law. According to Cullen and Agnew (2011), control and bonding theories assert that humans are free to commit crimes if their social bonds are weak or broken. Hirschi (1969) made an interesting premise about human nature when he stated that all human beings are naturally selfish and will pursue crime as a means to self-gratification. According to Hirschi (1969), control theories opened a new chapter in criminology and began to ask "why don't some people commit crimes?" ”, instead of continuing to ask “why do they commit crimes?” ". According to Cullen and Agnew (2011), Travis Hirschi's control theory differed from previous theories such as differential association theory and deformation theory. According to Cullen and Agnew (2011), differential association theory focuses on the role played by peers and social groups in the development of delinquent behaviors. According to Cullen and Agnew (2011), differential association theory, like other learning theories, believed that motivation to commit crime was the result of social interaction with deviant subgroups in which an individual had learned to positively value committing criminal behavior. Furthermore, Cullen and Agnew (2011) stated that strain theory places an individual's motivation to commit crime in a strained relationship with the individual and experience with society that led people to commit a crime in order to relieve the tension. According to Gottredson and Hirschi (1990), individuals develop tensions that eventually lead to crime, causing frustration based on the lack of means to satisfy their human needs and desires that lead to crime. Cullen and Agnew (2011)...... middle of article ......iminology, lecture notes 4/2/2014 and 4/9/2014. Gottfredson, M .R., Hirschi, T. (1990) A general theory of crime. Stanford: California: Stanford University Press. (Chapter 5).Gottfredson, M.R., Hirschi, T. (1990) “A general theory of crime”. Pp 224-236 in Criminological Theory: From Past to Present, edited by Cullen, TF, Agnew, R. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Hirschi, T. (1969) Causes of Delinquency. Berkley, CA: University of California Press. (Chapter 2). Hirschi, T. (1969) “Social bond theory”. Pp 215-223 in Criminological Theory: From Past to Present, edited by Cullen, TF, Agnew, R. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Sampson RJ, Laub, JH (1993) “An Age-Graded Theory of Informal Social Control”. Pp 241-253 in Varieties of Control Theory, edited by Sampson RJ, Laub, JH. Massachusetts, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.