Introduction: The need to irrigate with waters rich in sodium and soluble salts for use in agriculture has increased due to interest understandable that many societies have focused on the storage of fresh water resources. – particularly in areas with dry and semi-dry climates (Jalali & Ranjbar, 2009). Furthermore, the discharge of nutrient-rich effluents into rivers, lakes and oceans can have serious environmental impacts such as water contamination and eutrophication (Balks et al., 1998). From these concerns arises the emerging trend to use wastewater (from agricultural, industrial or sewage sources) for land application (Halliwell et al., 2001). While this solves the immediate problem of contamination of water bodies, wastewater irrigation carries its own set of problems if not carefully managed: degraded soil structure, increased erodibility, and decreased hydraulic conductivity , aeration and infiltration rates. These serious consequences affect the condition of the soil and can lead to a reduction in agricultural production (Güler et al., 2013). Although it has previously been suggested that the extent and severity of soil affected by salt is relatively minor, more recent estimates indicate that 0.9 x 109 ha of soil in 75 different countries around the world is affected by salt. varying degrees by salinity and sodicity (Chi et al., 2011). Wastewater contains many different organic and inorganic materials that can differ significantly from those found in traditionally applied irrigation waters (Halliwell et al., 2001). The presence of these effluents actually increases the risk of encountering problematic soils with salinity and/or sodicity. Soil salinity is defined as the presence of soluble salts in the soil solution, while soil sodicity is the presence of turf... middle of paper ...... electrophoretic mobility of clay domains. However, at ESP percentages below 15-25%, the clay domains are able to remain intact through a process called “demixing” – resulting from a non-random redistribution of calcium and sodium ions over the clay domains. On the other hand, if the ESP increases well beyond the 15-25% levels, separation of platelets into clay domains occurs. Macroscopic swelling increases sharply in these cases. Due to demixing phenomena, swelling only occurs at high ESP values, while dispersion is more dominant at lower ESP values ​​(Halliwell et al., 2001). Swelling is the main physical process in soil associated with high percentages of exchangeable sodium. The size of the interaggregated pore spaces is significantly reduced following swelling. This results in a significant decrease in hydraulic conductivity and infiltration rates of affected soils..