LEADERSHIPThe term leadership has been defined in several ways according to Howard Gardner (1995). President Harry Truman, an infamous leader, could get people to do what they do not yet want to do (Gardner, 1995; cited in Parker & Begnaud, 2004). Eileen Ford, of a well-established modeling agency, defines leadership as "the ability to convince people to do what you want them to do as if they had thought of it themselves" (Karns & Bean, cited in Parker & Begnaud, 2004). Leadership Guru. Warren Bennis describes leadership as “one who contributes makes a difference in the organization, thereby giving meaning to one's work” (Czarnecki, 2010). Leadership occurs when one attempts to influence the behavior of an individual or group (Bennis & Nanus 1995; cited in Morley, Moore, Heraty, Gunnigle). LEADERSHIP THEORIES Early leadership theories were called universalism theories because studies focused on the universal characteristics of good leaders – which are the personality traits or styles that make leaders effective (Brain, 2002). Trait theories suggest that certain individuals possess innate or innate characteristics that can be attributed to leaders and non-leaders. Trait theory also suggests that personal qualities such as "physical" factors, for example height, personality and other characteristics such as extroversion, intelligence and communication skills, are also key characteristics. of this theory (Guy, 2010). Further research led to behavioral studies. theories examining the behavior of effective leaders rather than their personal characteristics on the grounds that the secret to good leadership lies in their actions (Brain, 2002). Modern research tends to lead to theories of contingency, which emphasize the relationship...... middle of paper ......Daft,R,L & Marcic,D (2011). Understanding management. (7th ed.) Ohio: Western Wengage. Daniel primal leadership p.256 Goleman, Richard E. Boyatzis, Annie McKee – 2004 Harvested School business pressBeer, et al. (2008) Psychiatric Intensive Care, New York: Cambridge University Press, p.333.Stepen M. Pereira, Carol PatonLeadership Fundamentals: The Essential Tools of the Trade By Floyd Sheldon (2010) Arizona United States; P.46 Leading People: Expert Solutions to Everyday Challenges, London, England: Harvard Business School Publishing, p.9. Leadership Fundamentals: The Essential Tools of the Trade By Floyd Sheldon (2010) Arizona United States; P.46Daft, R. (2008) Management, 8th ed. Ohio, USA: Thomson Southwest, p.507. » Business Balls, com consulted. http://www.businessballs.com/personalitystylesmodels.htm#belbin%20team%20roles%20descriptions