For a secondary music teacher, it is only natural to strive to produce highly intelligent, creative and innovative musicians at the end of music education of a high school student. In order to achieve the desired student outcomes, the teacher must pay close attention to process-based and knowledge-based teaching approaches, and be judicious in selecting which two teaching styles will be most beneficial to student learning in particular situations and under certain circumstances. . It would be simple to suggest that it is solely up to the teacher to appropriately implement and supplement these teaching styles, but many variables and pressures can dictate how, when, and even if both teaching styles are used. These variables and pressures include the increasing pace of social development, parental and community expectations of the music department, society's views and values ​​regarding music, student desires and expectations , as well as the impact of inadequate musical resources on knowledge teaching processes and styles. In his book Future Shock, Alvin Toffler argues that "the pace of change has quite different, and sometimes more important, implications than the directions of change." This statement is extremely important when considering how quickly music has changed and will always change, in terms of style, genre, technology and audience, to name just a few areas. Toffler's statement also emphasizes that it is important to teach how to deal with change rather than just teaching the expected direction of change. Furthermore, it is almost impossible to predict the "direction of change", especially in the field of music, where the idea of ​​a computer is the only "instrument" needed to create a hit song. .... middle of paper..... .McLatchey, M. (2011). The Kodály method. Available: http://www.kodalydownloads.com.au/Kodaly_Method.aspx.Schmidt, L. (1975). The process of musical education. Journal of Music Teachers. 61 (6), p.50.Stevens, R. (ND) Why teach music in schools? Values ​​that have changed since the 1850s. Accessed 3/29/2012 from http://www.mca.org.au/publications/music-forum/magazine-articles/music-education/51-why-teach-music -in-schools-changing-values-since -the 1850sToffler, A (1970). Future shock. United States: Random House. 3. Tunley, D. (1974). The broader perspective of music education. In: Callaway, F Challenges in Music Education. Perth: Department of Music, University of Western Australia. 48-52.Zimmerman, F. (2005). Curwen hand signs for preschool and elementary school students. Accessed 03/04/2012 from http://learngen.org/music/791/KCKPS/zimmerman/curwen.html.