blog
media download page
Essay / The Role of the Monroe Doctrine in the Origin of the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua in the origin of the Sandinista revolution in Nicaragua? the Sandinista revolution in Nicaragua? In order to be thoroughly evaluated, sources must clarify and describe the entire political, social and economic situation that led to the revolution. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”?Get an original essayThe first source reviewed is “The Legacy of the Monroe Doctrine: A Reference Guide to U.S. Involvement in America Latin and the Caribbean” written by David W. Dent is a professor of political science at Towson University. This book tells the story of American involvement in each country in Central and South America, devoting a chapter to each country. Thus, this source is relevant to this investigation because it provides an overview of the situation in Nicaragua at the time, creating a timeline of events that led to the overthrow of Somoza and the importance of the United States and its foreign policy. This book is valuable because its author (the original) also wrote other books on Latin America and the political aspects of the continent, such as "Policymaking between the United States and Latin America: a reference manual. The primary purpose of this source is to provide an accurate and thoughtful overview of the relationship between the United States and Nicaragua as it relates to the Monroe Doctrine, which constitutes the critical aspect of this investigation. On the other hand, the source is limited because it attempts to tell the specific story of American involvement in each South American country, that is, the section dedicated to it. Nicaragua reviews the main and most important factors, but lacks depth in some areas. This is seen in the lack of information on how the Monroe Doctrine shaped the Somoza regime in the short and long term socially, economically, and politically, all factors of the revolution meaning its content is limiting. Additionally, its lack of information on the US political situation and how different presidents have handled the situation in Nicaragua makes it limited in some aspects of its content. On the other hand, the purpose of the source which is to tell the general story is fulfilled by giving it value. The second source is "The History of Nicaragua" written by Clifford L. Staten, professor of political science and international studies and dean of the School of Social Sciences at Indiana University Southeast. It is relevant to this investigation because it is a detailed account of Nicaraguan history providing insight into the social, political, and economic situations before and during the Somoza regime, including the impacts of the Monroe Doctrine on these factors and their importance in the revolution. Its content is valuable because it only focuses on Nicaraguan history, making it more in-depth and comprehensive. Another interest of the content lies in the dedication of specific chapters to each period: for example “Coffee boom and American intervention”. This allows for a more complete and exhaustive account of 4 major events that occurred in Nicaragua under American influence until the revolution. One limitation of the source is that it does not include many primary sources that would convey the emotions and thoughts of different people at that time. InvestigationPresident James Monroe's annual message to Congress in 1823 established what would beknown as the Monroe Doctrine. Monroe envisioned that the New World (the Americas) and the Old World (Europe) were no longer meant to be together and that separation was key to the development of the Americas. His statement included three points: "that the United States would no longer intervene in European affairs, either internally or among themselves; the United States would recognize and leave alone all colonies in the Western Hemisphere", and any attempt to colonization by any power or any attempt by a European power to gain hegemony in the Americas would be "considered a hostile act against As the United States grew in importance in the world, the Monroe Doctrine was reinforced in 1904 by President Theodore Roosevelt with the Roosevelt Corollary, which stated that "in cases of egregious and chronic wrongdoing on the part of a Latin American country, the United States could intervene in the internal affairs of this country. This section of the Monroe Doctrine is essential to Investigation 6 because it is the reason the United States intervened in the first place and is the cause of the radical party split that resulted in the Sandinista Revolution. The United States permitted the corollary in Nicaragua in 1912 after intervening due to a political conflict that threatened to destroy American investments in the country, including the construction of a canal. This sparks a struggle between rebel Nican nationalists against the existing government led by Augusto César Sandino and the US Marines. The United States "left" in January 1933, in part because of the Great Depression and Sandino's bitter struggle. These two groups continued to clash in the future under different names: the Nica became the Sandinistas (taken from their deceased leader "Sandino") and the US marines would be Somoza's National Guard which was equipped with combat equipment. American manufacturing, testimony to their close relationship. brought by the Monroe Doctrine more specifically the Roosevelt Corollary. The United States' final military mark in Nicaragua was putting Anastasio Somoza García in charge of the nonpartisan National Guard. Somoza assassinated Sandino in 1934 and used the National Guard as a method to seize power through a coup in 1936 where he and his two sons remained in power until 1979. Throughout these years, the The United States has significantly assisted Nicaragua in order to boost its economy in all sectors. . The relationship that developed between the two brought short-term economic prosperity. However, in the long run, the United States' choice to install Somoza only deepened the country's economic, social, and political division, creating the storm that resulted in the revolution. During the early years of Somoza's regime, he developed a continuism that strove to keep the balance of power in his hands and keep the current system in place. His death in 1955 brought his son Luis Somoza to power. He had the same mindset as his father and consolidated his position and ties with the United States. Stability in Nicaragua has plummeted due to rising discontent in the country. The education system was failing with only five percent of students from agricultural families completing primary school. The state's lack of awareness of education was not accidental. The idea was that if citizens could not access education, their thinking could be limited by maintaining the "status quo" or continuism. Children from the upper echelons of Nicaraguan society were primarily sent to the United States where they received an education thatpromoted the Somocist vision, continuing to create disparities between social classes.16 Luis Somoza further strengthened his country's ties with the United States, leading to the war of 1962. 17 alliance for progress: “a mini Marshall plan for South America.” Nicaragua's dependence on the 18 United States is increasing significantly, unprecedented since World War II. This would contribute to economic growth of about 10 percent per year during the 1960s, with increased growth in production and reduced dependence on cotton and coffee. The Alliance for Progress can be seen as a development of Roosevelt's corollary to strengthening American control over Nicaragua and more vehement protection against communism in Central America during these Cold War years. The Alliance for Progress proved how happy the Nicaraguan government was to accommodate the needs of the United States and its corporations while sidelining its citizens, reducing them to mere objects that would be tied to corporations. This would deepen the divide within the social stratum, creating a rise in pro-Sandinista sentiment and a desire for revolution. As the Nicaraguan government maintained its anti-communist agenda, it received substantial US economic aid to the National Guard, vital to keeping the Somoza regime in place as several organized attempts to overthrow the regime took place. This aid continued over the years and without it, Nicaragua and the Somoza regime(s) would have faltered and failed much sooner. Over the years, the Somocist government was maintained with the coming to power of Antonio Somoza Debayle. He would be the last Somoza to lead the country with the Sandinistas coming to power after their military coup in 1979. The American intervention from 1912 to 1933 which triggered the “clandestine” civil war which ended with the arrival to the power of the Somozas. . Sandino's assassination in 1934 was vital in paving the way for revolution; he was considered by many to be the hero of the era, inspiring more people to join the Sandinista cause, which would ultimately result in their coming to power. Furthermore, the problems that opposed the majority of the population to the Somoza regime also come from the Monroe Doctrine and its corollary. Continued U.S. investment in the country led to increased production, but did not help the local population, as the Somozas needed to keep American companies happy and continue to receive funds. So, they cracked down and thought little of the local population. This manifested itself in the constant repression of women in society and in education, where the illiteracy rate in rural areas was above 80%. Therefore, the Monroe Doctrine played an important role in triggering the Sandinista Revolution, as all the social, economic and political problems stemmed from it. The initial conflict between the Nicas and the United States established the Somoza regime which became tyrannical towards its citizens in order to satisfy the wishes of big business. Additionally, the importance to the Somozas of satisfying the United States was vital to them, as they valued their supremacy over Nicaragua, knowing that the United States could act by using the Monroe Doctrine to expel them, which would make them essentially American puppets. Leading them to completely ignore education, civil rights, equality and economic development in favor of the United States. All of these factors would lead to broad support for the Sandinistas who advocated resolving these issues and ultimately lead to the.
Navigation
« Prev
1
2
3
4
5
Next »
Get In Touch