was the cause of the split in the Social Democratic Party between the Bolsheviks (followers of Lenin) and the Mensheviks. The major controversy sparked by Lenin's pamphlet concerned basic Marxist theory. Marx said that for communism to be realized, the world had to go through a complete capitalist phase where industrialization would develop and the proletariat would be formed. Russia was still a feudal society, so it would have been at least fifty years before a communist revolution was possible. The Mensheviks believed that the Social Democrats should wait until Russia passed through its capitalist phase. Lenin and the Bolsheviks did not wish to wait and instead proposed immediate action and the overthrow of Tsarism. As Lenin said: “The greater the spontaneous uprising of the masses and the more widespread the movement, the faster, incomparably greater, the demand for greater consciousness in the theoretical, political and organizational work of social democracy” ( Lenin 53). He wanted an active and proactive social democratic party and ultimately he succeeded and became dictator of a Bolshevik government (Hosking 395-396). One of Lenin's key ideals was that a "Party dictatorship" was necessary as the proletariat formed and strengthened itself in order to seize power as a "dictatorship of the proletariat". He asserts that “social democracy represents the working class…in