Table of ContentsLegislative DepartmentJudicial DepartmentRole and Structure of CourtsAdvantages of FederalismAutonomyDisadvantages of FederalismLegislative DepartmentEach state and the federal administrative region shall have a unicameral legislature. Each state legislature shall consist of three (3) representatives for each province and city within the territorial limits of the state who shall be elected by the members of the Sangguniang panlalawigan and the Sangguniang panlunsod from among their members. In addition, three representatives from the farmers, fishermen and elderly sectors will be appointed and appointed as planned during the next review. Say no to plagiarism. Get a Custom Essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”?Get Original Essay Judicial Department The third branch of the federal government, the judiciary, consists of a system of courts located throughout the country, run by the Supreme Court. United States Court. A system of state courts existed before the Constitution was written. There was considerable controversy among delegates to the Constitutional Convention over whether a federal court system was necessary and whether it should supplant state courts. As in other issues under debate, a compromise was reached in which state courts were retained while the Constitution mandated a federal judiciary with limited powers. Article III of the Constitution establishes the basis of the federal judiciary: The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The power of the federal courts extends to both civil actions for damages and other relief, as well as criminal cases under federal law. Article III gave rise to a complex set of relationships between state and federal courts. Ordinarily, federal courts do not hear cases that fall under the laws of individual states. However, some cases within the jurisdiction of federal courts may also be heard and decided in state courts. The two judicial systems therefore have exclusive jurisdiction in certain areas and concurrent jurisdiction in others. The Constitution guarantees judicial independence by providing that federal judges serve "during good conduct" -- in practice, until their death, retirement or resignation, even if a judge commits an offense while in office can be impeached in the same manner as the president or other federal government officials. American judges are appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate. Congress also determines the salary scale of judges. Role and Structure of the Courts The federal judiciary operates separately from the executive and legislative branches, but often works with them as required by the Constitution. Federal laws are passed by Congress and signed by the president. The judiciary decides the constitutionality of federal laws and resolves other disputes regarding federal laws. However, judges depend on the executive branch of our government to enforce court decisions. The courts decide what really happened and what should be done about it. They decide whether a person has committed a crime and what the punishment should be. They also provide a peaceful way to resolve private disputes that people cannot resolve themselves. Depending on the dispute or crime, some cases end up in federal courts and..