In 1909, Ellen Key affirmed that the 20th century would be the century of the child. She imagined a world in which children would take their rightful place alongside adults, as full and equal participants in society (Key, 1909). However, towards the end of the 20th century, the universal feeling that the social order was fragmented under the pressure of rapid economic, social and technological changes, in other words the emergence of globalization, which affected childhood and in particular the distinction between children and adults (Prout, 2005). But it was not until the mid-1980s that the sociology of childhood emerged out of dissatisfaction with the general neglect of children within sociology. Jens Qvortrup was the first sociologist to break with the sociology of the family, arguing that it was necessary to move from a focus on child socialization and development (mainly psychology and social policy) to a sociology which attempted to take children and their daily life experiences seriously (Qvortrup, 1985). Today, children are an unprecedented source of concern, from children in developed countries like North America and Japan to the poorest children in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and Africa. Asia. Children's lives attract great interest in the media, governments and international agencies; their development and well-being are the subject of research, legislation and debate at all levels. Childhood is recognized as both a global and local concern (Montgomery, Burr & Woodhead, 2003). The growth of sociological interest in children and childhood largely coincided with the development of the modern children's rights movement. The two disciplines share some commonalities such as a focus on child agencies...... middle of paper ...... child labor is illegal, according to the National Child Labor Report children, there are around 1.6 million children between the ages of five and 17 in the labor force, around three-quarters of them are under 14 and most are girls. Child labor has been prevalent in Nepal for hundreds of years, especially in rural areas, as part of the normal process of socialization (The Nepal Labor Force Survey (NLFS) 2008). In this scenario, the idealized idea that children are helpless and in need of protection disappears, as does the idea of ​​childhood as a permanent social structure. Nepalese children are forced to take on the kind of responsibilities that should really belong to their parents and, in this sense, they cannot do things that children their age do in most Western cultures, e.g. as basic as going to school..