Table of contentsFundamentals of Big Bang cosmology and geometry of the universeTests of Big Bang cosmologyBeyond Big Bang cosmologyThe destiny of the Universe Cosmology is the he scientific study of the large-scale properties of the universe as a whole. It strives to use scientific methods to understand the origin, evolution and ultimate fate of the universe. Cosmology involves the formation of theories or hypotheses about the universe that make specific predictions about a phenomenon that can be tested by observations. The dominant theory about the origin and evolution of our universe is the “Big Bang theory”. This article also lets us know the fate of the universe. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay Foundations of Big Bang Cosmology and the Geometry of the Universe The Big Bang model is a widely accepted theory for the evolution of the universe. The Big Bang model of cosmology is based on two ideas: the theory of general relativity and the cosmological principle. General Relativity: Gravity is no longer described by a gravitational field but rather as a distortion of space-time. Cosmological principle: Matter in the universe is homogeneous and isotropic. Assuming the cosmological principle, it can be shown that the corresponding distortion of space-time can only have three forms, as shown in the figure. The geometry of the Universe: O0>1 is positively curved like a ball O0 O0=1 is flat. Matter plays a central role in cosmology. It turns out that the average density of matter uniquely determines the geometry of the universe. If the density of matter is greater than a critical density, the universe is closed. If it is less than the critical density, then the universe is open and if it is equal, then the universe is flat. (the critical density value is 6 H atoms/m3). Given the law of gravity and assumptions about how matter is distributed, the next step is to determine the dynamics of the universe, that is, how space and the matter in it contains evolve over time. Additional information about the expansion of the universe depends on the amount of matter it contains. Previously, space was considered static, but it was Hubble who discovered the possibility of the universe expanding by studying distant galaxies. Tests of Big Bang Cosmology The Big Bang model is supported by a number of important observations. The expansion of the universe: It was “Sir Edwin Hubble” who observed that the galaxies were moving away from us. This was the first clue to the “Big Bang Theory”. The abundance of the light elements H, He, Li: The “Big Bang theory” predicts that these light elements should have merged from the proton and neutrons in the first minutes after the “Big Bang”. Cosmic microwave background radiation: Cosmic microwave background radiation is the residual heat from the “Big Bang”. These three tests strongly support the “Big Bang Theory”. Beyond Big Bang cosmology The “Big Bang theory” is incomplete. This fails to explain why the universe is so uniform on large scales or non-uniform on small scales. This is a very useful approximation to start with the basics. But we have to go beyond the Big Bang to understand the universe. We need an extension of the Big Bang theory – inflation theory. This refers to the explosive and rapid expansion of space-time. Keep in mind: this is just a sample. Get a personalized article now from our expert writers. Get a Custom Essay Destiny”.