The Indian state of Odisha, formerly known as Orissa, is located on the east coast of India. It is surrounded on one side by the Bay of Bengal and on the other, it shares borders with many other Indian states like West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh. The modern state of Orissa was created on April 1, 1936 and it was on April 13, 1948 that Bubneshwar was chosen as the state capital replacing Cuttack. In order to consider the formulation of a sustainable livelihood policy for Odisha, considering its inherent natural resources and impending climate change, we have to start from the state's abundance of natural resources and its topography. This would move our discussion forward to the much more significant and important issue that will be examined in the pages to come. 1. Physical Aspects As we all know, India has been divided into 15 agro-climatic zones. This was done to contribute to proper agricultural planning based on these areas. The basic reason for their division is "soil type, climate, including temperature and precipitation, and their variations and availability of water resources." (Singh, 2013). Parts of the state of Odisha lie in the Eastern Coast and Hills region and the Eastern Plateau and Hills region. In order to better understand the state of Odisha, we will now elaborate on the aspects influenced by these agro-climatic regions.1.1 Location: The state of Odisha is located on the east coast at 17 degrees 49' N-22 degrees 34 'N and 81 degrees 29'E-87 degrees 29'E longitude. The state has a total area of ​​155,707 km². 1.2 Climate: On the eastern coast of India, the state enjoys a tropical monsoon type climate. It receives an average annual rainfall of around 200 cm. The annual cyclones of the Bay of Bengal play a major role in significantly influencing the climate and bring huge amounts of rainfall with two seasonal peaks, July-August and October-November. Also during winter, all other regions remain almost dry except North Odisha. 1.3 Population: The state of Odisha is ranked 11th in terms of population in India. The Orissa Census 2011 was conducted in the state by the Census of India (a Government of India undertaking). Apart from other demographic statistics, the literacy rate in Orissa has witnessed significant growth and has increased to 73.45 percent as per current census data..