Commercialization of blood donation and its benefits voluntary, unpaid blood donation in Iran Shenzhen, ChinaResultsConclusionReferencesBlood is perhaps the most important resource a person needs to survive. Human blood is an essential part of human life and nothing can replace it. The availability of safe blood and blood products is a critical issue for improving health care. And it can only be obtained from people generous enough to donate it. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”?Get an original essayWhy donate blood? The answer to this question is very simple: safe blood saves lives and improves health. Blood transfusion is a lifesaver and plays a central role in medical interventions and the health care system, including major surgeries, trauma, genetic blood disorders and organ transplants; even blood transfusion is a major part of disaster preparedness. Millions of lives are saved each year through blood transfusions, but the concern is the quality and safety of blood transfusions, especially in developing countries. Donated blood can be regenerated by the body in just 4-6 weeks, but in return it gives life to people. several people, a single donation can potentially save up to 3 lives. Blood donation is not only beneficial for the recipient but also for the donor as it comes with various health benefits as it helps reduce the risk of cancer. It is beneficial in reducing the risk of heart and liver diseases due to iron overload and thus preventing hemochromatosis. It stimulates the production of new blood cells and thus contributes to the maintenance of good health. Collecting blood from voluntary, unpaid blood donors from low-risk populations is an important measure to ensure the availability and safety of blood transfusions. Blood, however, is the most precious gift that anyone can give to another person called “THE GIFT OF LIFE”. .BackgroundAccording to the facts claimed by WHO, around 117.4 million blood donations are collected worldwide. 42% of this waste is collected in high-income countries, which are home to 16% of the world's population. Around 12,700 blood centers in 170 countries report having collected a total of 100 million donations. Blood center collections vary by income group. The median number of annual donations per blood center is 1,300 in low-income countries, 4,100 in lower-middle-income countries, and 8,500 in upper-middle-income countries. compared to 23,000 in high-income countries. There is a marked difference in the level of access to blood between low-income and high-income countries. The whole blood donation rate is an indicator of the general availability of blood in a country. The median blood donation rate in high-income countries is 32.6 donations per 1,000 people. This compares to 15.1 donations per 1,000 people in upper-middle-income countries, 8.1 donations per 1,000 people in lower-middle-income countries, and 4.4 donations per 1,000 people in low-middle-income countries. low income. 66 countries report collecting less than 10 donations per 1,000 inhabitants. Among them, 37 countriesfound in the WHO African Region, 7 in the WHO Region of the Americas, 5 in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, 4 in the WHO European Region, 7 in the WHO South Asia Region East and 6 in the WHO South-East Asia Region. WHO Western Pacific Region. All are low and middle income countries.AimOur aim is to organize such action plans and strategies that will enable people to make 100% voluntary and unpaid blood donation (VNRBD). The increased demand and limited supply of blood present a very worrying problem today. Many countries are unable to meet the recommended amount of blood in blood banks. In recent years, several measures have been taken to increase the number of blood donors, since offering special incentives and privileges has caused the quality of blood to decline. It is therefore appropriate to curb the marketing of blood banks and payments to donors by taking the necessary measures. Problem Description Blood transfusion services face a dual challenge: ensuring both an appropriate supply and the quality/safety of blood for patients whose survival or well-being depends on blood transfusion. Blood supplies must be constantly replenished because whole blood and blood components have a limited shelf life. Most countries are struggling to meet their current needs while meeting the high clinical demand for blood. Evidence from around the world reveals that the prevalence of infection with HIV, hepatitis viruses and other transfusion-transmitted infections is consistently lowest among voluntary, unpaid donors. who donate blood for purely altruistic reasons. Voluntary donors are more likely to be honest when answering questions about their health and lifestyle, which helps identify people at risk of carrying these infections. They are also more likely to lead low-risk lives, which benefits both themselves and the patients who receive their blood. In contrast, the prevalence of infection among family replacement blood donors and paid donors is generally the same as in the general population. Material and methodology. Below mentioned are two different researches which were carried out in two different countries with the aim of solving the problem of voluntary blood donation. .Research 1: Introduction of Voluntary Blood Donation Program in Iran, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO)Study LocationIran is a large country in the world (18th in the world) in terms of area with 1,648 0002 km of area. from the Caspian Sea in the north to the Persian Gulf in the south and it is geographically divided into 31 provinces. Iran is a country of over 73 million people and one of the most populous countries in the Middle East. Study Design During the study, relevant information was collected from multiple sources within a broad framework for the study and introduction of the IBTO organization. MethodsThe mission of IBTO is to provide and ensure a safe and adequate blood supply in Iran. Selection of low-risk donors during predonation consultations and interviews based on behavioral, medical, and demographic factors has improved blood safety even before specific laboratory screening tests have been performed. In fact, many efforts have been focused on recruiting VNR donors and for this purpose, the Blood Donor Recruitment and Retention Office was established. Various measures have been taken to increase the number of regular voluntary donors, including technical efforts,information dissemination activities, demographic studies, campaigns, awareness programs, advertising, publications, commemorative ceremonies, etc. non-profit organization responsible for the nation's blood supply. Since the inception of the IBTO, we have seen an increase in the number of blood centers from 6 to 7 across the country, to over 200 in 2011 across the country. To this end, each Iranian province has its own blood transfusion establishment. regional blood transfusion service and there are a few satellite blood transfusion centers in the provinces depending on the size of the population, the extent of the province, the number of medical universities, hospitals and clinics, the number of multi-transfused patients, number and type of clinicians (specialists or subcontractors). -specialty), number of active hospital beds, number and scale of disasters, distance between cities, number of known or incoming sophisticated and specialized hospital services such as transplantation, open heart surgery, chemotherapy, trauma units and availability of transport infrastructure. The first key factor in blood safety is having a pool of voluntary, unpaid blood donors (VNRBD) for each blood establishment. The IBTO witnesses the transition of blood donor types in Iran from paid donors before 1974 to a mixed picture of VNRBD and family replacement blood donation until 2007 and since this period, the IBTO has made the decision to exclude the small percentage of family replacement blood. donation (4% in 2004, 3% in 2005 and 1% in 2006) and finally managed to reach 100% VNRBD in 2007). There has been a well-adopted agenda and commitment within the IBTO to introduce and mainstream this issue. To this end, a Blood Donor Recruitment and Retention Office at IBTO Headquarters has been established with responsibility for introducing a national work plan, marketing and monitoring all programs associated with recruitment and care donors. Then, all provincial blood transfusion services in Iran established the same office, in a smaller size. The main activities of these offices are to identify the specific characteristics and motivations of different target populations, identify a focal point/contact person for each population or target group in order to maintain good communication and strengthen contribution and public involvement, adapting the communication and education strategy for donors. to suit each target population, work with community service organizations, target donor populations through faith-based organizations, youth and women's organizations, educational institutions, sports and cultural groups, workplaces, commercial enterprises and rural communities, collaborate with NGOs and prepare SOPs for donor selection, education and retention should be followed by all blood centers as part of a national plan. Other goals for this key element of blood safety include launching a media partnership to raise public awareness of blood transfusion activities and the importance of blood donation. , face-to-face trainings, publishing marketing materials including books, brochures, leaflets, CDs and posters, adding some educational topics on blood and blood donation in school books, organizing mobile blood drives in safe locations, increasing the number of blood collection centers, improving blood collection premisesblood should be clean, tidy and modern environments, develop telephone recruitment programs to bring inactive donors back to blood centers, organize campaigns on key figures or leaders in blood donation, establish a work plan and SOPs for shipping blood components from provinces. with a high donation rate to other places with a lower rate, implement a short-term iron supplementation strategy for female blood donors, launch a program for regular female blood donors by identifying them and appreciating them on special occasions including National Blood Donor Day or World Blood Donor Day. and publishing an educational brochure for them (in 2011, when the percentage of regular blood donors in Iran was 49%), implementing national software for blood centers to correctly identify those who are ready to donate blood and prevent the return of temporary or permanent donors. deferred blood donors, continuously monitoring and evaluating the donor deferral rate and reasons, providing informative materials on high-risk and high-risk behaviors, making calls via SMS, email and telephone, issuing cards colored for regular donors and awarding medals to register blood donors. Research 2: Two decades of voluntary and unpaid blood donation in Shenzhen, China We have summarized strategies to achieve self-sufficiency and security of supply in blood in Shenzhen for two decades, including the legal construction of VNRBDs and the continuous improvement of recruitment strategies. and retain unpaid donors. The whole blood (WB) and apheresis platelet (PLT) donation collection data were retrieved, and the demographic and donation characteristics of the donors were analyzed. Legal construction of VNRBD The regulations issued by the Shenzhen local congress in 1995 explicitly states that Shenzhen should adopt the path of VNRBD, and also contains detailed clarifications on the organization, duty, unpaid donation, reimbursement and management of blood utilization. The regulation also contains some exploratory and innovative articles. China's blood donation law stipulates that the minimum interval between two WB donations should be 6 months. However, in light of the scientific experience of Hong Kong and foreign countries, Shenzhen stipulates in the regulations that the minimum donation interval should be 3 months. The regulation also stipulates that VNRBDs and their family members can benefit from free blood transfusions and that all funds will be borne by municipal finances. Recruitment of the Red CrossRecruitment of unpaid blood donors arises from the humanitarian actions of the Red Cross for the injured. and saving the dying, and it has widespread appeal. Therefore, the Shenzhen municipal government begins cooperation with the Shenzhen Red Cross Society to carry out VNRBD. The government is footing the bill for purchasing mobile blood donation vehicles and setting up fixed blood donation sites, and recruitment of unpaid blood donors will be done on behalf of the Red Cross. Model donors will also be evaluated and honored each year. Joint action has a powerful executive force, recruitment carried out in the name of the Red Cross enjoys great public trust, and financial support from the government also lays the material foundation. Strengthen public awareness of VNRBDVNRBD has become a common term in Shenzhen, and this is due to the wide participation ofsociety as a whole, which is manifested in the following five aspects: considerable attention from public social media, positive image of the Red Cross, face-to-face knowledge dissemination by volunteers, funded advertising by government finances and advertising and promotional activities organized by the blood center. By advertising in microblogs, schools, communities, businesses and hospitals, Shenzhen successfully popularized knowledge about VNRBD. Blood donors and the public voted for the most moving quotes, and many quotes were collected, such as “I am healthy, therefore I donate blood; I give blood and I feel happy”, “you give a bag of blood and it can save a life. » VNRBD has not only gained great recognition from the society, but also earned its respect. Blood donation planning Taking advantage of the characteristics of headquarters economy, Shenzhen has carried out innovative exploration in the field of collective blood donation. After years of efforts, Shenzhen has meticulously developed two brands of collective blood donation. One of them is Insurance Company of China, which is among the top 100 Chinese companies. The other is the Shenzhen branch of Lions Club International. Their blood donation months are titled “Ping-An Blood Donation Month (the Chinese equivalent of “safety”)” and “Red Movement Month” respectively. During their months, they are on the front line in recruiting unpaid blood donors, organize planning and advertising, and organize 30 to 50 blood donation drives each year in collaboration with the SZBC. Social groups that participate in collective blood donation not only fulfill their social responsibility, but also can enhance their popularity through title sponsorship. Organizing large-scale public blood donation in the off-season of each year can ensure the stability of blood sources and lead to win-win results. Improving blood donation policy and services In 1999, Shenzhen began to improve its strategies for VNRBD. The improved strategies required the minimum donation amount to be increased from 200 to 300 ml and a preference for 400 ml each time.7 The strategies also required improving donation services8 and strengthening the retention of unpaid donors .9,10 We have set up five more fixed blood donor donation rooms and three parking spaces for blood donation vehicles. These facilities provide citizens with convenient, safe and healthy places to donate blood. All staff must be dressed in uniform on construction sites and offer passionate and smiling service. Follow-up phone calls will be made to donors who experience adverse reactions to blood donation. When donors pass blood tests, text messages will be sent to notify them. For those who fail the blood test, phone calls will be made to inform them of the results. This way their privacy will be protected. On festivals and donor birthdays, messages will be sent to donors to express festival or birthday wishes. Recognition activities and gathering parties will be held each year to recognize exceptional individuals and groups who have done excellent work in donating blood and bone marrow. In this way, every blood donor gets the necessary respect and attention.Establishment of VNRBD service teamIn May 2000, a total of 27 blood donors enthusiastic about VNRBD in Shenzhen first created a VNRBD service team. The number of.

Essay / Commercialization of blood donation and its benefits voluntary, unpaid blood donation in Iran Shenzhen, ChinaResultsConclusionReferencesBlood is perhaps the most important resource a person needs to survive. Human blood is an essential part of human life and nothing can replace it. The availability of safe blood and blood products is a critical issue for improving health care. And it can only be obtained from people generous enough to donate it. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”?Get an original essayWhy donate blood? The answer to this question is very simple: safe blood saves lives and improves health. Blood transfusion is a lifesaver and plays a central role in medical interventions and the health care system, including major surgeries, trauma, genetic blood disorders and organ transplants; even blood transfusion is a major part of disaster preparedness. Millions of lives are saved each year through blood transfusions, but the concern is the quality and safety of blood transfusions, especially in developing countries. Donated blood can be regenerated by the body in just 4-6 weeks, but in return it gives life to people. several people, a single donation can potentially save up to 3 lives. Blood donation is not only beneficial for the recipient but also for the donor as it comes with various health benefits as it helps reduce the risk of cancer. It is beneficial in reducing the risk of heart and liver diseases due to iron overload and thus preventing hemochromatosis. It stimulates the production of new blood cells and thus contributes to the maintenance of good health. Collecting blood from voluntary, unpaid blood donors from low-risk populations is an important measure to ensure the availability and safety of blood transfusions. Blood, however, is the most precious gift that anyone can give to another person called “THE GIFT OF LIFE”. .BackgroundAccording to the facts claimed by WHO, around 117.4 million blood donations are collected worldwide. 42% of this waste is collected in high-income countries, which are home to 16% of the world's population. Around 12,700 blood centers in 170 countries report having collected a total of 100 million donations. Blood center collections vary by income group. The median number of annual donations per blood center is 1,300 in low-income countries, 4,100 in lower-middle-income countries, and 8,500 in upper-middle-income countries. compared to 23,000 in high-income countries. There is a marked difference in the level of access to blood between low-income and high-income countries. The whole blood donation rate is an indicator of the general availability of blood in a country. The median blood donation rate in high-income countries is 32.6 donations per 1,000 people. This compares to 15.1 donations per 1,000 people in upper-middle-income countries, 8.1 donations per 1,000 people in lower-middle-income countries, and 4.4 donations per 1,000 people in low-middle-income countries. low income. 66 countries report collecting less than 10 donations per 1,000 inhabitants. Among them, 37 countriesfound in the WHO African Region, 7 in the WHO Region of the Americas, 5 in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, 4 in the WHO European Region, 7 in the WHO South Asia Region East and 6 in the WHO South-East Asia Region. WHO Western Pacific Region. All are low and middle income countries.AimOur aim is to organize such action plans and strategies that will enable people to make 100% voluntary and unpaid blood donation (VNRBD). The increased demand and limited supply of blood present a very worrying problem today. Many countries are unable to meet the recommended amount of blood in blood banks. In recent years, several measures have been taken to increase the number of blood donors, since offering special incentives and privileges has caused the quality of blood to decline. It is therefore appropriate to curb the marketing of blood banks and payments to donors by taking the necessary measures. Problem Description Blood transfusion services face a dual challenge: ensuring both an appropriate supply and the quality/safety of blood for patients whose survival or well-being depends on blood transfusion. Blood supplies must be constantly replenished because whole blood and blood components have a limited shelf life. Most countries are struggling to meet their current needs while meeting the high clinical demand for blood. Evidence from around the world reveals that the prevalence of infection with HIV, hepatitis viruses and other transfusion-transmitted infections is consistently lowest among voluntary, unpaid donors. who donate blood for purely altruistic reasons. Voluntary donors are more likely to be honest when answering questions about their health and lifestyle, which helps identify people at risk of carrying these infections. They are also more likely to lead low-risk lives, which benefits both themselves and the patients who receive their blood. In contrast, the prevalence of infection among family replacement blood donors and paid donors is generally the same as in the general population. Material and methodology. Below mentioned are two different researches which were carried out in two different countries with the aim of solving the problem of voluntary blood donation. .Research 1: Introduction of Voluntary Blood Donation Program in Iran, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO)Study LocationIran is a large country in the world (18th in the world) in terms of area with 1,648 0002 km of area. from the Caspian Sea in the north to the Persian Gulf in the south and it is geographically divided into 31 provinces. Iran is a country of over 73 million people and one of the most populous countries in the Middle East. Study Design During the study, relevant information was collected from multiple sources within a broad framework for the study and introduction of the IBTO organization. MethodsThe mission of IBTO is to provide and ensure a safe and adequate blood supply in Iran. Selection of low-risk donors during predonation consultations and interviews based on behavioral, medical, and demographic factors has improved blood safety even before specific laboratory screening tests have been performed. In fact, many efforts have been focused on recruiting VNR donors and for this purpose, the Blood Donor Recruitment and Retention Office was established. Various measures have been taken to increase the number of regular voluntary donors, including technical efforts,information dissemination activities, demographic studies, campaigns, awareness programs, advertising, publications, commemorative ceremonies, etc. non-profit organization responsible for the nation's blood supply. Since the inception of the IBTO, we have seen an increase in the number of blood centers from 6 to 7 across the country, to over 200 in 2011 across the country. To this end, each Iranian province has its own blood transfusion establishment. regional blood transfusion service and there are a few satellite blood transfusion centers in the provinces depending on the size of the population, the extent of the province, the number of medical universities, hospitals and clinics, the number of multi-transfused patients, number and type of clinicians (specialists or subcontractors). -specialty), number of active hospital beds, number and scale of disasters, distance between cities, number of known or incoming sophisticated and specialized hospital services such as transplantation, open heart surgery, chemotherapy, trauma units and availability of transport infrastructure. The first key factor in blood safety is having a pool of voluntary, unpaid blood donors (VNRBD) for each blood establishment. The IBTO witnesses the transition of blood donor types in Iran from paid donors before 1974 to a mixed picture of VNRBD and family replacement blood donation until 2007 and since this period, the IBTO has made the decision to exclude the small percentage of family replacement blood. donation (4% in 2004, 3% in 2005 and 1% in 2006) and finally managed to reach 100% VNRBD in 2007). There has been a well-adopted agenda and commitment within the IBTO to introduce and mainstream this issue. To this end, a Blood Donor Recruitment and Retention Office at IBTO Headquarters has been established with responsibility for introducing a national work plan, marketing and monitoring all programs associated with recruitment and care donors. Then, all provincial blood transfusion services in Iran established the same office, in a smaller size. The main activities of these offices are to identify the specific characteristics and motivations of different target populations, identify a focal point/contact person for each population or target group in order to maintain good communication and strengthen contribution and public involvement, adapting the communication and education strategy for donors. to suit each target population, work with community service organizations, target donor populations through faith-based organizations, youth and women's organizations, educational institutions, sports and cultural groups, workplaces, commercial enterprises and rural communities, collaborate with NGOs and prepare SOPs for donor selection, education and retention should be followed by all blood centers as part of a national plan. Other goals for this key element of blood safety include launching a media partnership to raise public awareness of blood transfusion activities and the importance of blood donation. , face-to-face trainings, publishing marketing materials including books, brochures, leaflets, CDs and posters, adding some educational topics on blood and blood donation in school books, organizing mobile blood drives in safe locations, increasing the number of blood collection centers, improving blood collection premisesblood should be clean, tidy and modern environments, develop telephone recruitment programs to bring inactive donors back to blood centers, organize campaigns on key figures or leaders in blood donation, establish a work plan and SOPs for shipping blood components from provinces. with a high donation rate to other places with a lower rate, implement a short-term iron supplementation strategy for female blood donors, launch a program for regular female blood donors by identifying them and appreciating them on special occasions including National Blood Donor Day or World Blood Donor Day. and publishing an educational brochure for them (in 2011, when the percentage of regular blood donors in Iran was 49%), implementing national software for blood centers to correctly identify those who are ready to donate blood and prevent the return of temporary or permanent donors. deferred blood donors, continuously monitoring and evaluating the donor deferral rate and reasons, providing informative materials on high-risk and high-risk behaviors, making calls via SMS, email and telephone, issuing cards colored for regular donors and awarding medals to register blood donors. Research 2: Two decades of voluntary and unpaid blood donation in Shenzhen, China We have summarized strategies to achieve self-sufficiency and security of supply in blood in Shenzhen for two decades, including the legal construction of VNRBDs and the continuous improvement of recruitment strategies. and retain unpaid donors. The whole blood (WB) and apheresis platelet (PLT) donation collection data were retrieved, and the demographic and donation characteristics of the donors were analyzed. Legal construction of VNRBD The regulations issued by the Shenzhen local congress in 1995 explicitly states that Shenzhen should adopt the path of VNRBD, and also contains detailed clarifications on the organization, duty, unpaid donation, reimbursement and management of blood utilization. The regulation also contains some exploratory and innovative articles. China's blood donation law stipulates that the minimum interval between two WB donations should be 6 months. However, in light of the scientific experience of Hong Kong and foreign countries, Shenzhen stipulates in the regulations that the minimum donation interval should be 3 months. The regulation also stipulates that VNRBDs and their family members can benefit from free blood transfusions and that all funds will be borne by municipal finances. Recruitment of the Red CrossRecruitment of unpaid blood donors arises from the humanitarian actions of the Red Cross for the injured. and saving the dying, and it has widespread appeal. Therefore, the Shenzhen municipal government begins cooperation with the Shenzhen Red Cross Society to carry out VNRBD. The government is footing the bill for purchasing mobile blood donation vehicles and setting up fixed blood donation sites, and recruitment of unpaid blood donors will be done on behalf of the Red Cross. Model donors will also be evaluated and honored each year. Joint action has a powerful executive force, recruitment carried out in the name of the Red Cross enjoys great public trust, and financial support from the government also lays the material foundation. Strengthen public awareness of VNRBDVNRBD has become a common term in Shenzhen, and this is due to the wide participation ofsociety as a whole, which is manifested in the following five aspects: considerable attention from public social media, positive image of the Red Cross, face-to-face knowledge dissemination by volunteers, funded advertising by government finances and advertising and promotional activities organized by the blood center. By advertising in microblogs, schools, communities, businesses and hospitals, Shenzhen successfully popularized knowledge about VNRBD. Blood donors and the public voted for the most moving quotes, and many quotes were collected, such as “I am healthy, therefore I donate blood; I give blood and I feel happy”, “you give a bag of blood and it can save a life. » VNRBD has not only gained great recognition from the society, but also earned its respect. Blood donation planning Taking advantage of the characteristics of headquarters economy, Shenzhen has carried out innovative exploration in the field of collective blood donation. After years of efforts, Shenzhen has meticulously developed two brands of collective blood donation. One of them is Insurance Company of China, which is among the top 100 Chinese companies. The other is the Shenzhen branch of Lions Club International. Their blood donation months are titled “Ping-An Blood Donation Month (the Chinese equivalent of “safety”)” and “Red Movement Month” respectively. During their months, they are on the front line in recruiting unpaid blood donors, organize planning and advertising, and organize 30 to 50 blood donation drives each year in collaboration with the SZBC. Social groups that participate in collective blood donation not only fulfill their social responsibility, but also can enhance their popularity through title sponsorship. Organizing large-scale public blood donation in the off-season of each year can ensure the stability of blood sources and lead to win-win results. Improving blood donation policy and services In 1999, Shenzhen began to improve its strategies for VNRBD. The improved strategies required the minimum donation amount to be increased from 200 to 300 ml and a preference for 400 ml each time.7 The strategies also required improving donation services8 and strengthening the retention of unpaid donors .9,10 We have set up five more fixed blood donor donation rooms and three parking spaces for blood donation vehicles. These facilities provide citizens with convenient, safe and healthy places to donate blood. All staff must be dressed in uniform on construction sites and offer passionate and smiling service. Follow-up phone calls will be made to donors who experience adverse reactions to blood donation. When donors pass blood tests, text messages will be sent to notify them. For those who fail the blood test, phone calls will be made to inform them of the results. This way their privacy will be protected. On festivals and donor birthdays, messages will be sent to donors to express festival or birthday wishes. Recognition activities and gathering parties will be held each year to recognize exceptional individuals and groups who have done excellent work in donating blood and bone marrow. In this way, every blood donor gets the necessary respect and attention.Establishment of VNRBD service teamIn May 2000, a total of 27 blood donors enthusiastic about VNRBD in Shenzhen first created a VNRBD service team. The number of.

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