Organizations are dynamic entities. They consist of tangible resources (people, methods, equipment, information, finances and materials) and intangible resources (brands, patents, reputation, motivation, goodwill, copyright, copy-left and other forms of intellectual property) . Businesses do not exist in a vacuum. They affect and are affected by their environment (micro, macro, physical and intellectual). The four cases presented in the following section cover three broad industry sectors: the public sector, non-profit organizations and private higher education providers. These cases provide background material for exploring the philosophies presented in the learning resources. They contain a direct experiential component describing the author's change management role and their contribution to change management efforts in these organizations during their career.Contribution to Organizational ChangePublic SectorCase 1a. I worked in the public sector for 11 years, from 1985 to 1996. My department had more than five hundred employees. In 1988, the Department's records were moved from a manual ledger system to a computerized system. The Systems Analyst liaised with departmental employees to ensure that the necessary requirements were captured during the systems analysis phase of the project. Procedure manuals were rewritten to capture current workflows and methods of performing tasks. During the implementation phase, we encountered a number of bottlenecks. The transition process experienced some delays which resulted in work being delayed by at least six months. Before the introduction of the new system, deadlines were met and records were up to date. The delays affected staff motivation. Case 1b. The g...... middle of paper ...... networks and institutions: a contingency theory of organizational change. Academy of Management Journal, 55(2), 381-398.Graetz, F. and Smith, A.C. (2010). Managing organizational change: a philosophical approach to change. Journal of Change Management, 10(2), 135-154.Newman, J. (2012). An organizational change management framework for sustainability. Greener Management International, 57, 65-75. Oxford Learning Lab. (nd) PESTLE - Macroenvironmental analysis. Accessed March 9, 2014, from http://www.oxlearn.com/arg_Marketing-Resources-PESTLE---Macro-Environmental-Analysis_11_31Project Management Institute. (2012). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide). Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute. Porter, M.E. (2008). The five competitive forces that shape strategy. Special issue on the centenary of HBS. Harvard Business Review 86(1).