Miranda v. State of ArizonaIn 1966, the Supreme Court made a decision that every American would always know and remember. The case was Miranda v. State of Arizona. In early 1963, an 18-year-old woman was kidnapped and raped in Phoenix, Arizona. The police investigated the case and quickly found and arrested a poor and mentally disturbed man. This man's name was Ernesto Miranda. Miranda was 23 when he was arrested. He confessed to the kidnapping and rape after two hours of interrogation. By confessing to the crime, Miranda was convicted of kidnapping and rape. However, when Miranda was arrested, he was not informed of his 5th Amendment rights. On appeal, Miranda's lawyers pointed out that police never told him he had the right to an attorney and that he could remain silent if he wanted. Additionally, he was not told that anything he said could be used against him in court. In 1966, the United States Supreme Court upheld Mirada's appeal in a 5-4 decision, saying his rights had been violated. The Supreme Court's decision details the principles governing police interrogations and rules that police must clarify certain matters before questioning a suspect. Miranda was later convicted of the charges based on the evidence against him. The Miranda case focused solely on the First Ten Amendments, also known as the “Bill of Rights.” According to the 5th Amendment, everyone, including aliens, arrested in the United States is entitled to certain rights and privileges which must be made clear to them at the time of their arrest. These rights aim to ensure that everyone has the right to due process of law. If any of the five points listed in the 5th Amendment are violated, the accused cannot be convicted. The Miranda case gave the accused 5 basic rights, these are 1) The accused has the right to remain silent. 2) The accused must be warned that anything they say can be used against them in court. 3) The accused has the right to have an attorney present during any interrogation. 4) The accused can terminate for interrogation at any time if he wishes5) If the accused cannot afford a lawyer they will be provided with one.