It has been claimed that human emotions are the sole product of biological functioning. James Lange's theory of emotions (1884) proposes that there are three components of emotions that can be attributed to the automatic nervous system (ANS). The three components are Cognition (evaluation of the event), Action (Fight or flight) and Feeling (Aspect of emotion). Here we see that a biological attribution of emotion has been in place since the 1800s and has been common knowledge for some time. This essay will evaluate and examine the evidence provided to support the idea that emotions are the product of biology. Certain areas of the brain have been identified when studying fear. The amygdala is involved in the processing of emotions (McGaugh, 2001). It is also responsible for the “fight or flight” reactions that are essential for human survival. In addition to this, certain emotions have been studied and attributed to biology, for example fear. LeDoux (2000) explains that fear is a conditioned response essential to the process of natural selection. Fear increases a human being's chances of survival. To further support the idea that fear is a biological product, experiments on rats were conducted. If certain parts of the brain are removed, such as the auditory thalamus, the fear response cannot be learned. This indicates that certain areas of the brain are vital for maintaining and producing emotions such as fear. LeDoux's experiences led to further research into 9/11 survivors. These people had learned to fear tall buildings and were also unable to travel to the site where the attack took place. This fear would cause people to “freeze” and not be able to perform certain behaviors. Ledoux formed...... middle of article ......angels in serotonin and norepinephrine absorption sites after chronic cocaine use: pre and withdrawal effects. Brain Research Review, 736(1-2), 287-96. Boake, C. (2000). Édouard Claparède and the Verbal Auditory Learning Test. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 22 (2), p286-292. Coleman, A. Snarey, J. (2011). James-Lange theory of emotion. Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development. p844-846.Deffenberger, JL, Filetti, LB, Lynch, RS, Dahlan ER, Oetting, ER (2002). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of very angry drivers. Behavioral Research Therapy, 40, 895-910LeDoux, JE (2000). Emotional circuits in the brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 23, 155-184. Peterson, C.K. and Harmon-Jones, E. (2012). Anger and testosterone: Evidence that situationally induced anger is linked to situationally induced testosterone. Emotion, 12 (5), 899-902.