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Essay / Patents on human genes and human dignity - 2539
Genetics will increasingly enable health professionals to identify, treat and prevent the 4,000 or more genetic diseases and disorders to which our species is heir . Genetics will become central in diagnosis and treatment, particularly in predisposition tests and therapies. By 2025, there will likely be thousands of diagnostic procedures and treatments for genetic diseases. Genetic diagnostics can detect specific diseases, such as Down syndrome, and behavioral predispositions, such as depression. Treatments include gene-based pharmaceuticals, such as those using antisense DNA to block the process of transmitting the body's genetic instructions for a disease process. In future preventative therapies, harmful genes will be deleted, deactivated or blocked. In some cases, healthy replacement genes will be directly inserted into fetuses or given to people by injection, inhalation, retroviruses or pills. These therapies will modify characteristics and prevent disease. Although genetics will be the primary driver of progress in human health in the 21st century, it will not be a panacea for all human health problems. Health is a complex of interacting systems. The benefits of genetics will also benefit future generations more, as prevention will be a very important element. Genetic therapies will improve the situation of middle-aged and elderly people, but these conditions will not even exist in future generations. For example, psoriasis can be controlled for many through gene therapy; if effective prenatal diagnosis could be developed, no unborn child would be born with this condition. 1. “Natural” Rights Over the long history of rights discourse, rights have also been essentialized as “natural” rights. Natural rights have always been used in both conservative and radical defense of what is taken for granted in the human condition. The right to procreate has been conceived as a natural right and, by extension, technological reproduction has recently been promoted as a means of realizing one's natural right to procreate. Thus, the tradition of male-dominated property rights converges with a version of natural rights proclaiming a natural right to procreate, a natural right to a child, a natural right to use whatever means necessary to procreate, and thus a natural right to use any person. necessary to procreate. When procreation is defined as a natural right, it is considered to arise from a natural instinct, comparable to that of eating and sleeping. Attempts to institutionalize procreation as a natural right deprive the procreator of moral responsibility, so that everything a man or woman does to reproduce is treated as an instinctive response beyond the control of the will human and human relations..