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  • Essay / Oppositional defiant disorder - 1854

    IntroductionOppositional defiant disorder is classified in the DSM V as a disorder of childhood and adolescence. ODD is a disorder in which the child is argumentative and defiant, angry and irritable, and vindictive. Children with ODD may experience many negative symptoms. ODD was first added to the DSM-III, where it was originally called oppositional disorder. Since then, many changes have been made to the disease. SDGs are slightly more prevalent among boys than girls. The onset of OPD is usually around primary school age. Many factors can contribute to the development of an ODD child. Although much is known about the SDG, there is still much research to be done. , disobedient, and hostile toward authority figures” (Rowe, Costello, Angold, Copeland, & Maughan, 2010, p. 726)” In the 5th edition, it is defined as a pattern of angry/irritable behavior, or a spirit of revenge lasting at least 6 months and is exposed during an interaction with at least one individual who is not a sibling. The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry defines it as a continuing pattern of lack of cooperation, provocation, and use of hostile behavior toward authority figures that seriously interferes with daily functioning of the child. These definitions all had some similarities. The defiant behavior exhibited by the child is usually directed towards a person in authority. They also all describe as a pattern, something that continues for a specific length of time. All other works seem to agree with...... middle of article ......6-1183.Erford, BT., Paul, LE., Kress, VE., and Erford, MR. (2014). Counseling outcomes for youth with oppositional behavior: A meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Development, 92, 13-24.Gathright, MM. and Tyler, L.H. (2012). Disruptive behaviors in children and adolescents. Institute of Psychiatric Research, 1-28.Nock, MK., Kazdin, AW., Hirpi, E., Kessler, RC. (2007). Lifetime prevalence, correlates, and persistence of oppositional defiant disorder: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48, 703-713. Rey, JM. (1993). Oppositional defiant disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 1769-1778. Rowe, R., Costello, EJ., Angold, A., Copeland, WE. and Maughan, M. (2010). Developmental pathways in oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 119, 726-738.