1. Introduction: It is important for a licensed counselor to understand and gain insight into the field of neuropsychology, in order to improve critical thinking skills and ultimately be an effective and knowledgeable counselor (Lucas , 2011). This essay will examine what neuropsychology refers to while exploring key terms in this field, discuss the history of neuropsychology and its development over the years, differentiate between different types of neuropsychology, discuss the role of assessment neuropsychology in the field of psychology and the role of a neuropsychologist in the South African context, as well as the relevance of knowledge in the field of neuropsychology for licensed counselors.2. Neuropsychology as a field of psychology: According to Reader's Digest Oxford Complete Wordfinder (1990), psychology is defined as the scientific study of the human mind and its functions, focusing on functions affecting behavior in a given context. “Neuro” refers to the nerves in a person’s body and therefore neuropsychology can be considered a field of psychology; because neuropsychology refers to a subdiscipline of psychology that aims to understand how the structure and functioning of a person's brain relates to their thinking, behavior, and emotions (Banich & Compton, 2011, & Tulloch, 1990). This understanding of the brain and what causes people to behave in a certain way can be practically applied in our daily lives, as we continually interact with people (Cormier and Hackney, 2014, and Crutch, 2012). A licensed counselor could practically apply this neuropsychology knowledge to their understanding of their clients, because knowing and understanding that some disorders are biological can...... middle of article ...... neuropsychology (Lucas , 2011). In South Africa, neuropsychologists use standardized norms when assessing and treating clients using the standardized scores of people who are typically white middle class (Lucas, 2011). However, this group of people only represents a relatively small portion of the South African population, meaning that these standardized tests and scores are not valid for most South Africans; which makes the role of neuropsychologists more difficult in the South African context (Lucas, 2011)10. Conclusion: This essay highlights the importance of neuropsychology in the field of psychology and highlights the role of a licensed neuropsychology counselor. There are a number of different types of neuropsychology and the history of developments in the field of neuropsychology has led to the advanced technology present in today's society..