This essay will examine the methods of physical (external) and mental (internal) control measures that were used to maintain order over the citizens of Oceania in the novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. The essay will include an analysis of: surveillance in the novel (The Panopticon), power and language, propaganda and history, and torture and violence. Oceania is under the control of a totalitarian form of government, meaning that the government subordinates all aspects of society and demands total submission to the state. The party uses various control mechanisms to maintain total domination over society. They maintain such control to the point that even having a disloyal thought against the party is considered a crime. Their goal was to remove any capacity for independent thought. Surveillance is one of the main elements used to maintain control in Oceania (internal control). The greatest facet of surveillance used by The Party is the telescreen. This was used to monitor activities in the homes of all citizens, with the exception of "proletarians", who were not considered powerful enough to be constantly scrutinized. The Telescreen takes up the idea of ​​the Panopticon, which was introduced by my Michel Foucault. It is a circular prison with a large tower in the middle where the prison guards were located. It was designed so that prison guards could see outside, but prisoners could not see inside the tower. It is a 24-hour surveillance machine, in which prisoners can never know whether they are being monitored or not. (Orwell, 1949, p.176) “It was terribly dangerous to let your thoughts wander when you were in a public place or within range of a television screen. » The private sphere of life is completely erased. It is an instrument of...... middle of paper ......a, and breaking his vow to never betray her. At the end of the novel, Winston comes to his senses. realizing that he "actually loved Big Brother", a leading figure he had despised before being tortured. This torture was so vigorous that the party could make you believe whatever they wanted. It was an extreme form of control but nonetheless effective. The Party uses various effective control mechanisms to maintain citizen loyalty and dominance over Oceania. It does this through propaganda, surveillance, sowing fear, rewriting history, maintaining obedience and crushing independent thought. punished for rebellious acts allows them to regulate any insubordination towards their regime. Works Cited Orwell, G., 1949. Nineteen Eighty Four In Nineteen Eighty Four: Penguin Books..