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  • Essay / The Teleological Argument - 1384

    William Paley and David Hume's argument for the existence of God is known as the teleological argument, or argument from design. Arguments from design are arguments about God or a certain type of creator's existence based on ideas of order or purpose in the universe. Hume takes the approach of arguing against the design argument, while Paley defends it. Although both Hume and Paley provide very strong arguments, a conclusion will be drawn at the end to distinguish which philosopher holds a stronger position. Throughout this essay, I will examine the arguments with reference to their work from Paley's “The Watch and the Watchmaker” and Hume's “Critique of the Teleological Argument.” Paley's analogy arose from the concept of stone. He encountered this stone during his walk and wondered how it had appeared (Paley, 1802, 196). It applies the idea that since a designer must have created this stone, that designer must have created other things, just as a watch is created by a watchmaker. His analogy of a watch and its watchmaker becomes his key argument because, according to him, one cannot conclude that a stone was formed by a natural process, just as when you look at a watch, it has a watchmaker (Paley, 1802 , 96). Comparing it to a stone, Paley says someone must have created it. He says that design requires a designer, that works of nature also require a designer and that designer would be God. From there, Paley creates his four arguments for the existence of God from analogies, which are the design argument based on experience, the design argument assumes that we are different in nature, but identical in degree, the design argument argues from mind/thought to design, and design argument... middle of paper ...... that the universe is not the same as a human and that these two very different ideas cannot be compared to each other, Paley argues that the purpose of a watch in terms of function and complexity, it had to be created by a designer. The same goes for humans. Hume proves that Paley has a weak conclusion by stating that this does not prove that there is a God, just someone of higher intelligence. Works Cited Projman, Louis P. and Fieser James. Introduction to Philosophy – Classic and Contemporary Readings, fourth edition. A Critique of the Telelogical Argument, 1779, David Hume, 199-205. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc, 2008 Pojman, Louis P. and Fieser, James. Introduction to Philosophy - Classic and Contemporary Readings, Fourth Edition. The Watch and the Watchmaker, 1802, William Paley, 196-198. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.., 2008.