Chemistry is called the science of what things are. Its aim is to explore the nature of the materials that make up our physical environment, why they have the different properties that represent them, how their atomic structure can be understood and how they can be manipulated and modified. Although organic reactions have been carried out by man since the discovery of fire, the science of organic chemistry did not develop until the turn of the 18th century, primarily in France first, then in Germany, later in England. The greatest variety of materials that bombard us are organic elements. The beginning of the 19th century also marked the dawn of chemistry, with all organic substances being understood as materials produced by living organisms: wood, bones, tissues, foods, medicines and the complex substances that configure the human body. Inorganic materials were believed to come from Earth: salt, metals, and rocks, to name a few. Because of the wonder of man's natural life, organic materials were believed to possess an enigmatic "vital force." Thus, organic chemistry was separated from inorganic chemistry and became a scientific field in its own right. By the turn of the 19th century, the theory of the "vital force" was extremely discredited, but this branch of science still remained separate from inorganic chemistry. At a time when organic chemistry was the chemistry of living matter, Professor Wohler succeeded in synthesizing in the laboratory an organic compound previously observed in living tissues under the name urea. Professor Wohler made this organic compound from a non-living chemical substance, ammonium cyanate. He evaporated a solution of ammonium cyanate to produce urea. Which makes the theory of the “Life Force” imperfect. Other famous experiments proved the vitalism theory wrong. In 1845, Kolbe synthesized acetic acid, the main component of vinegar, in a stream of reactions starting with carbon. The experiment is better defined since acetic acid (C6H4O2) is a carbon-carbon bond. The theory of vitalism, like many other scientific theories, disappeared slowly under the weight of accumulated evidence rather than as the consequence of a brilliant and enlightening experiment. Structural theory, which developed in the 1860s, marked the beginning of the second great period of growth in the world. field of organic chemistry. Middle of article......reactions were already known and actively used to synthesize organic compounds into other compounds, it was only with this understanding of the nature of a chemical bond that a clear reason for reason in nature, a mechanism of chemical reactions begins to appear. This will become clear when we realize that the transformation of one molecule into another, a chemical reaction, requires the breaking of some bonds and the creation of others. This process could not be understood until one knew what a link was. Thus, if the 19th century was devoted to unraveling the fixed structures of molecules, the 20th century will be devoted to the study of their transformations. The study of science and particularly the study of organic chemistry is an ongoing affair. In the scientific community, we never rest, there is a continuous flow of experimentation and the desire to explore new areas. The forefront of science has its origins in the medical field. How can we manipulate genetic codes, the building blocks of life? The things we have learned over the years allow us to build these bridges..