Disclosure of sentinel and adverse events is an ongoing problem in healthcare. According to King, the Institute of Medicine reported that 44,000 to 98,000 people die each year due to medical errors (King, 2009). According to the National Center for Ethics in Health Care, a sentinel event is a death or unexpected outcome that is unrelated to the patient's underlying disease (National Center for Ethics in Health Care, 2003). Sorrel King's Josie's Story is based on a true story that depicts the heartbreaking yet inspiring story of a young child whose life was taken because of a sentinel event. According to King, Josie died suddenly due to a sentinel event. A sentinel event is an event in which an unanticipated outcome has occurred resulting in death or other complications. The care team's duty was to investigate Josie's case and find a solution to prevent this from happening in the future (King, 2009). Josie's story raises various ethical dilemmas. “An ethical dilemma is a situation in which an individual is forced to choose between two actions that will affect the well-being of a sentient being, and both actions are reasonably justified as being good, neither action is easily justified as being good, or goodness. actions are uncertain” (Beckford, 2012). The ethical dilemmas involved in Josie's story are the lesser of two evils in which both choices are bad. The ethical dilemma in this case involves the nurse refusing to give methadone based on Mrs. King's wishes, leading to serious withdrawal complications such as diarrhea and stomach upset. However, the nurse administers the methadone and follows the orders of the pain management team even though Josie is severely depressed...... middle of paper ......improving communication between the care team responsible for Josie's treatment and through health care providers who are further advocating for patient safety. Moral courage did not play a role in Josie's medical care because the nurse gave her methadone against her mother's wishes and caused a life-threatening complication. Pain, suffering, and compassion were all relevant in Josie’s case. I learned a lot from reading Josie's story, understanding the importance of patient advocacy, communication between healthcare professionals, and reporting adverse events. I really enjoyed reading this story because it helped me understand my role as a healthcare provider in advocating for patient safety and reducing medical errors. I plan to use everything I learned from this story to implement in my future nursing practice..