1. INTRODUCTION1.1 Introduction“Whoever succeeds in solving the water problem will deserve two Nobel Prizes: one for peace and one for science,” said John F. Kennedy. Since the beginning of civilization, humanity has been confronted with tribulations linked to the river and its flow. With increased use of water resources; flow in river channels is gaining importance among researchers. Increasingly complex problems are encountered due to the multi-purpose use of alluvial rivers. Flow velocity, shear stress and unit stream power are important characteristics for measuring river behavior. Quantifying flow velocity, shear stress, and unit flow power is important for both engineering problems and ecological assessments. All these characteristics depend on the resistance which is due to roughness, flow area and slope of the channels and the relationship between these four parameters is known as resistance relationship. In simple form, flow velocity is defined as the displacement of water particles relative to the epoch; shear stress refers to the force exerted by water on the channel bed; and stream power refers to the rate of energy dissipation against the bed and banks of a river per unit length downstream. If the slope of the channel is steep, then the flow velocity is high. And in gravel-bed rivers, if the flow increases due to high-intensity precipitation, then this high flow speed leads to significant rock movements, which can cause heavy destruction. Thus, if some obstruction is expected in the course of the river, the flow velocity and therefore the shear stress is reduced and the rate of energy dissipation is less. In response to any change in the environment...... middle of paper... ... destruction caused by the movement of large rocks, in case of high intensity rains.1.4 Organization of the thesisThe chapters are organized by the following manner:Chapter-1- Description of the introductory aspects of the subject studied, the underlying objectives and the description of the study. field and presentation of the thesis.Chapter-2- Presentation of a comprehensive literature reviewChapter-3- Description of data collection and methodology adoptedChapter-4- Study of flow velocity and its results and conclusionChapter-5- Study of shear stress and its results and conclusionChapter -6- Study of energy gradient slope and its results and conclusionChapter-7- Study of flow power and its results and conclusionChapter -8- Preliminary Structural Details and Cost Analysis of Piano Key SpillwayChapter-9- Presentation of Findings and Scope for Future Work