In Nicholas Carr's The Shallows, he argues that the evolution of information and communication technologies (ICT) is having a detrimental impact on our brains despite the many benefits and progress we have made with it. His primary focus is the Internet, which he commonly calls the “universal media” (92). Carr presents a very detailed but biased argument in which he views the Internet and other technologies as the adversaries of critical thinking and progress. For Carr, we sacrifice our ability to think logically because we choose the easiest way to acquire knowledge. Carr mentions the effect of technology on the brain's neurological processes. Plasticity is described as the brain's response through neurological pathways through experiences. Brain regions “change with experience, circumstances, and needs” (29). Brain plasticity also responds to experiences that damage the nervous system. Carr explains that accident injuries “reveal how well the brain can reorganize itself” (29). I have heard stories where amputees would have a reaction to their amputated limb; it is called phantom limb. These types of studies help support the claim that the brain can be restructured. Carr claims that the Internet restructures our brains while citing experiments and studies on brain plasticity by other scientists. I experienced this because I feel like my brain has become accustomed to the activities I do regularly. For example, I rarely realize I'm driving when I get to school because I'm used to driving on a specific route. Additionally, Carr argues that the lack of our critical thinking skills results in the creation of less knowledge because...... middle of paper ...... mysterious technology. Referring to new technologies, he says: “They provide the elements for thinking, but they also shape the process of thinking” (6). Carr's main point is that the effect of technology, particularly the Internet, is changing the programming of the brain. The growing presence of technology will become more and more prevalent in the future as technology continues to evolve. If Carr is right, we will see a continued deterioration in the critical thinking skills of future generations. However, we may also see an increase in technological advancements that will help society function better. Overall, this book was primarily concerned with the effects that new information and communication technologies will have on the brain. Works Cited Carr, Nicholas G. The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains. New York: WW Norton, 2010. Print.