Previous studies have been carried out to assess pictorial, auditory, and textual stimuli for children's short- and long-term memory. Research indicates that children remember more information when it is presented as pictures or when stimuli are related. In the following study, 4th grade students will see 8 groups of four pictures or words for 10 seconds. After each set of four, they will be shown three pictures or words and asked to recall the missing one. Consistent with previous research, children should be able to remember more pictorial stimuli than verbal stimuli. They should also be able to remember related stimuli better than unrelated stimuli. Many studies have been done to determine children's short-term and long-term memory. Some have suggested that pictorial or visual stimuli are easier to remember than written and auditory stimuli, while others have indicated that information is easier to remember when it is related. One study showed that children remembered similar information when it was not grouped together and another suggested that children remembered more information if they knew it....