Individualism is a school of ethics that can be defined by various perspectives of intelligent mindsets. Nathaniel Brenden (1994) defined individualism as two different concepts: 1) ethical-psychological and 2) ethical-political. Under the ethical-psychological concept, he stated that a human being should be able to judge and think independently, while respecting the jurisdiction of his mind. Furthermore, Brenden stated that individuals should respect their mastery of individual rights as part of an ethico-political concept (Brenden, 1994). On the other hand, Ayn Rand (1964), inventor of Objectivism and a strong individualist, defines individualism as follows: Individualism views man – every man – as an independent, sovereign entity who possesses an inalienable right to his own life, a right derived from his nature as a rational being. Individualism holds that a civilized society, or any form of association, cooperation or peaceful coexistence among men, can only be achieved on the basis of the recognition of individual rights – and that a group, as as such, has no rights other than individual rights. of its members. There are many ethical schools of individualism and many individualists with different perspectives on the idea of ​​individualism. In this article, I have selected the following ethical individualism to expose and criticize: 1) ontological individualism, 2) methodological individualism, and 3) moral or political individualism. Ontological individualism is the belief that only individuals exist in a society (Sawyer, 2002). ). In other words, ontological individualism refers to people who choose and act in a society; only individuals exist. Therefore, a group, social class or state is not capable of acting as an individual...... middle of article...... 7, 2011, from http:/ /epstein.org/brian/PhilPapers/OntolIndiv.pdfKim, J. (1993). Supervenience and Spirit: Selected Philosophical Essays. New York: Cambridge University Press. Methodological individualism. (nd). Retrieved February 7, 2011 from This is the home page of JR Lucas, Fellow of Merton College, Oxford: http://users.ox.ac.uk/~jrlucas/methind.html Rand, A. (1965). The virtue of selfishness; a new conception of selfishness. New York: New American Library. Sawyer, R.K. (December 2002). Non-reductive individualism Part 1 - Supervenience and wild disjunction. Accessed February 3, 2011, from http://artsci.wustl.edu/~ksawyer/PDFs/nri1.pdfSawyer, R.K. (2005). Social emergence: societies as complex systems. New York: Cambridge University Press. Weber, M. (1978). Economy and society: an overview of interpretive sociology. Berkley: University of California Press.