Cloning can be considered as copying a living being and producing several copies. People may think of cloning rabbits, sheep or humans. In the field of molecular biology, however, cloning is considered at a genetic molecular level, where a piece of DNA is copied on a large scale by genetically copying tens or even hundreds of thousands of identical DNA fragments. Researchers are developing new cloning methods using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR was introduced in the 1980s and Kary Mullis won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in recent years for his invention of PCR. Today, scientists are studying different subfields of cloning, using PCR, new ways using terminators, insertion of enzymes and types of cloning to produce high efficiency of genetic material, fixing and by improving various techniques, by sequencing various genes. The application of PCR has made the cloning process cheaper, more efficient, and accessible to broader biological communities. PCR is a technique for amplifying as few as a single or as many as ten copies of a piece of DNA over several orders of magnitude, generating thousands or even millions of copies of a DNA sequence. particular. This method relies on thermal cycling, consisting of repeated cycles of heating and cooling of enzymes aimed at DNA replication. Primers containing sequences complementary to the target region as well as DNA polymerase are key components to enable selective and repeated amplification. As the PCR progresses, the generated DNA is used as a template for replication. As a result, the polymerase chain reaction can be significantly modified to carry out a wide range of genetic manipulations. In Chemistry, Medicine and Genetic Analysis 2006, (RSC, Advancing the Chemical Sciences) S...... middle of article... ...lines for PCR cloning. Cloning, as we know, is a very complex and complicated subject. But once one knows the fundamentals of science, various ideas arise and research begins. Today, researchers are making PCR more efficient in terms of the amount of genetic material produced, making it cheaper, and testing new cloning methods with the application of PCR. Word Count: 960 works cited Brown, Tom. “Chemistry, medicine and genetic analysis.” RSC Advancing the Chemcial Sciences (2006). Costa, GL, A. Grafasky, and MP Weiner. “Cloning and analysis of DNA fragments generated by PCR.” Genome Research 3 (1994): 338-45. “Polymerase chain reaction -.” Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Internet. January 19, 2010. .Zhou, Ming-Yi and Celso E. Gomez-Sanchez. “Universal TA cloning.” Molecular Biology 1st series. 2 (2000): 1-7.