This week's article "From Atoms to Traits" describes modern science's explanations for historically significant experiments. Focusing specifically on: passages from Darwin's On the Origin of Species, Mendel's pea experiments, and comments on Watson and Crick's DNA model. The author has taken fundamental questions proposed by historical research and answers them with modern observations and data. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”? Get the original essay Corn and teosinte are related, teosinte is the “wild, weedy ancestor” of corn and they share some of the same genetic characteristics and genetic sequences. as. Many structural differences between these plants can be attributed to a few specific areas of the chromosome. Here, events called mutations occur that would change the displayed characteristics of teosinte and its phenotype would be altered in the slightest way. Mesoamerican farmers would leave the most desirable plants with the most favorable characteristics to plant and cultivate for the following year's harvest. This selection of desirable traits actually led to the selection of unique genetic mutations that ultimately altered plant genotypes and gave rise to modern corn. Traits such as bush shape and central stem were caused by mutations in the regulatory area of ​​a single gene that changed cell division patterns, and mutation in the same way but in a different area of a gene with a different purpose caused the appearance of teosinte. less desirable seeds in today's softer, easier to harvest corn seeds. Sticklebacks are a species of fish where mutations have produced numerous anatomical changes in the population, leading to drastic diversification. Dispersal from the melting of the last ice age introduced the species to a variety of new environments and left isolated fish communities. these isolated communities found uniquely realized niches where mutations increased the fitness of individuals, ultimately leading to the appearance of these inherited traits throughout the community. due to genetic regulators in certain chromosomal regions, as seen in corn. Lactase is a human-produced enzyme that aids in the digestion of lactose, the main sugar in milk. Lactase production in humans is regularly interrupted before adulthood, which is the cause of lactose intolerance, the inability to digest lactose. The majority of people will become lactose intolerant as adults. There is a mutation in the human genome where in some individuals lactase is produced throughout the individual's life. The origin of this mutation dates back to an event somewhere in Europe, where culture and necessity dictated that people continue to consume milk in regular quantities throughout their lives. Although many communities experience populations of individuals who exhibit lactose tolerance throughout their lives, research shows that different populations have distinct genetic mutation pathways leading to the same phenotypic variation. Mutations that occur in organisms such as sticklebacks, corn and teosinte, and humans are due to physical damage or errors as DNA is copied before the cell divides, causing altered or abnormal sequences. These errors include.