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Essay / Spatial Memory Test - 629
Spatial memory has been assessed in numerous studies to assess cognitive functions and cognitive processing limitations in children of different ages. Although verbal knowledge examines an individual's knowledge in written tasks, visual images and spatial relationships also play an important role in their knowledge (Reeds, 2013). Difficulties or impairment in spatial memory would lead to difficulty in specific spatial tasks, such as locating images or objects (Jiang, Capistrano, & Palm, 2014; Reeds, 2013). There are various spatial memory tasks used to assess an individual's spatial knowledge. León, Cimadevilla, and Tascón (2014) conducted a study using a virtual spatial memory task to examine possible improvements in child development, spatial memory, and gender differences in children as well. These children were asked to complete the virtual memory task, in addition to other neuropsychological tasks, which also assessed their spatial working memory and attention. This study used a quasi-within-subjects design, placing each participant in the reference memory and working memory session. The VR task became more complex after a few trials. The results suggest that there are age differences in spatial memory abilities. Children aged 9 and 10 had significantly fewer errors than younger children during the baseline memory session; however, results also indicate that 5-year-olds were able to perform a basic spatial memory task with little effort (León, Cimadevilla, & Tascón, 2014). In contrast, children at this young age in the spatial working memory session did not perform as well as the older groups, even at baseline levels. Between ...... middle of article ...... however, these characteristics were not correlated with autistic children's poor performance on this task (Yuhong et al., 2014). In contrast, the researchers found no statistical difference in high-functioning autistic children in the memory tracking task compared to children with healthy brain maturation, although the researchers believe they would have found a difference with a cleaner test between groups (Yuhong et al., 2014). Results also indicate that children with high-functioning autism have more difficulty retaining information when performing a spatial working memory task (Yuhong et al., 2014). Overall, examining children's developmental and gender differences in spatial memory suggested that these differences do exist, and that future research could use different spatial memory tasks to further expand these results..