In tradition, there is contingency. This means that things could have been different; things don't have to be the way they are. According to the traditional view, it is arbitrary for God to do anything. God is totally self-sufficient; He didn't need to create the world. Furthermore, God could have created other worlds; however, the extent to which he could create these worlds is limited. For example, God could not create a world in which evil thrives because He cares about good, benevolence, etc., but the fact remains that God could have created things differently; God could have created other worlds. Spinoza, however, strongly disagrees with this position. In 1p33s2 of the Ethics, Spinoza puts forward some arguments which separate him from the tradition. Spinoza's best argument against the traditional view of this scholium is that "All things depend on the power of God." So, for things to be different, God's will would necessarily have to be different as well. But the will of God cannot be different… So neither can things be different” (Ethics, 1p33f2). This argument is a direct result of the essence of God. Spinoza believes in a deep dependence on God. This comes from the “first principle theory” (Carriero), which states that the first principle connects everything together based on the first principle. This is demonstrated in propositions 26, 27 and 28. In these three propositions, Spinoza demonstrates that everything depends entirely on God for its existence and for its activity. Furthermore, proposition 16 demonstrates that God's essence contains infinite things and modes. By containing infinite things and infinite modes, by definition there is nothing that can exist outside of Go...... middle of paper ......rtes. By rejecting Descartes' objection regarding the possibility of more than one substance, Spinoza is able to preserve his argument for substance monism, and thus the impossibility of things being other than as they are. In conclusion, in 1p33s2 of the Ethics, Spinoza argues against the traditional view that things could have been created by God in another way or in another order when he states: "All things depend on the power of God . Therefore, for things to be different, God's will would necessarily have to be different as well. But the will of God cannot be different… So neither can things be different” (Ethics, 1p33f2). This position directly challenges the traditional view, according to which it is arbitrary whether or not God creates anything. According to Spinoza, things are necessarily as they are and nothing can be different..