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Essay / Models of Reform in College Sports - 1187
Over the past 100 years, college sports have generated controversy over how they should be treated, that is, as opportunities for business or academic vocation. Different reforms have been initiated, with academicians and researchers proposing different models for how college sports and athletes should be treated. These models seek to understand and provide guidance on the need to reconcile education and commercialized sports. Three key conceptual models have been pioneered for reforming college athletics by researchers such as Craughron, Benford, Smith, and Gerdy (Sack, 2009). Furthermore, Roy, Graeff & Harman (2008) point out that these models include intellectual elitism, athletes' rights and academic capitalists. These three models represent different views regarding the role of commercialized college sports in today's educational or higher education. This understanding foreshadows that, despite their contrasting views, the focus is on revenue-generating sports, emphasizing the growing role of stakeholders including college athletes and institutions of higher education. However, they vary in their interpretation of the relationship between academic values and the commercialization of sport, the legal status of athletic scholarships and educational impact, and finally the mission of higher education. Intellectual elitist reformers believe that heavy commercialization of college sports negatively affects higher education. In the United States, the sale of sports programs by universities to corporate sponsors or television networks leads to academic values being eclipsed by television audiences (Sack, 2009). As a result, they argue that the commercialization of college athletics incentivizes universities to admit students into the middle of the education sector and encourages them to balance their studies with athletic activities. Works Cited Roy, DP, Graeff, TR and Harman, Saskatchewan (2008). Repositioning a university through membership in NCAA Division I-A football. Journal of Sport Management, 22, 11-29. Sack, A. (2009). Conflicting models of commercial sport in higher education: Implications for reform and scientific research. Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics, 2, 76-92Slaughter, S. and Rhoades, G. (2004). Academic capitalism and the new economy: markets, state and higher education. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. Sobocinski, E. J. (2000). College Athletes: What is Fair Compensation? Marquette Sports Law Review, 7, pp. 257-294. Svare, B. (2004). Reforming Sports Before Time Runs Out: One Man's Journey Through Our Runaway Sports Culture. Delmar, New York: Éditions Bordalice.